Multicylinder internal-combustion engine.



4 s. H. HART. MULTIGYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 30,1910.

2 BHEETS----SHEET1.

IIVVENTOR smineg Hflorr WMWJZ ATTORNEYS Patented July 28, 1914.

WITNESSES S. H. HART.

MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATIOH FILED DBO. 80, 1910.

Patented July 28, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I10 INVENTOR Sidney HHarr ATTORNEYS SIDNEY H. HART, 0F HOUSTON, TEXAS.

MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 28, 1914.

Application filed December 30, 1910. Serial No. 600,114.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIDNEY H. HART, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Houston, in the county of Harris and State of Texas, haveinvented a new and Improved Multicylinder Internal-Combustion Engine, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are:to construct a water jacket for engines of the character mentioned as asingle or block casting irrespective of the number of cylinders; to formcylinders therefor separable therefrom; to permit the employment ofpreferred and distinct classes of metals for the cylinders and for thejacket, the selection of each being uncontro led by the needs of theother; to provide a packing for the joint between the cylinder andjacket arranged to prevent the dislodgment of the packing by the shockof explosion; and to provide a separable head for said jacket andcylinder adapted for securement upon said jacket to lock the cylindertherein.

One embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in the structureillustrated in the accompanyin drawings, in which like characters ofrefzrence denote correspondin parts in all the views, and in which--igure 1 is a top plan view of a two-cylinder engine constructed andarranged in accordance with the present invention, one

of the heads being removed; Fig. 2 is a com bined view, partly invertical side elevation and artly in section, taken on the line 2-2 inFig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the water jacket of an engineconstructed and arranged in accordance with the present invention, andshowing one of the cylinders in lace, and in dotted lines thearrangement of the head when placed on the said jacket: and Fig. 4 is avertical section taken on the line 4-4 in Fig. 3.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the water jacket is preferablyconstructed as a single casting. With constructions of this characterthe purpose for which the construction is designed is amply supplied bya cheaper grade of castiron. bolting plate 10 supports a pedestal 11.

which, in the present instance, has an inner diameter sufficient tofreely pass the lower extension of piston race 12 of the cylinder 13. Asshown, the pedestal is constructed as a solid wall. It is obvious thatthis construction may be altered should it be desired by perforating orremoving the wall of the pedestal from the race 12 to provide aircirculation thcrethrough. The jacket frame thus constructed 1spreferably rectangular in form, and is provided with a top or cover 14:.

At desired positions on the jacket at the junction of the side walls andtop of the jacket are formed bolting bosses 15, 15. The bolting bosses1F, 15 are provided to form therein screw threaded sockets for thereception of anchor bolts 16, 1G. The heads 17, 17 are provided withbolt-holes to pass the said anchor bolts 1b, substantially as shown 111the drawings. The heads shown are of the type where the valve chambers18, 18 are extended from opposite sides of the longitudinal center ofthe multi-cyl indcr type of engine.

The cylinders 13 are preferably constructed from crucible steel. It willbe understood that other suitable material may be substituted. The innerbore is oi an even dianicter throughout the length of the cylinder. Thewalls of the cylinder arc'prefcrably formed to an even wall. On theouter side thereof, however, are formed guide flanges 19, 19. The guideflanges 19, 19 are seated in bores 20, 20. The said flanges may be addedto the cylinder but preferably are integral therewith. Adjacent theupper flange 19 is a packing flange 21. For the packing flange 91 aseparate bore 22 is provided, the diameter of which exceeds the diameterof the bores 20, 20, as shown best in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The upperend 23 of the cylinder is extended beyond the flange 21 to fit within abore 2 1 of the head 17 and 95 be impinged upon by the said head whendisposed above the cylinder.

Intel-posed under the lower flange 19, at the bottom of the bore 20provided therefor.

is a packing gasket 25, suitably formed of semi-rigid material andprovided to form a water tight joint at this point in the structure. Asimilar gasket 26 is provided at the bottom of the bore 22 to cushionthe flange 21. When the cylinders 13 are placed in the acket 9 theflanges 21 rest near the upper surface of the cover 14 of the saidjacket. Prior to placing the heads 17 in position a gasket 27 isthreaded over the end 23 of the cylinder. It is upon the said gasket 27that the lower face of the head 17 rests. It will be observed at thispoint that each of the packings is pocketed between horizontal walls andvertical walls, thereby not alone closing the passage, but likewisepreventing the blow-out of the packing by the explosion in the explosivechamber of the cylinder 13.

When the heads 17 are placed in position by being threaded over thebolts 16, the nuts 28 are adjusted to the said bolts, and the heads 17are drawn'rigidly upon the jacket 9 and upon the cylinder 13, the top ofthe bore 24: impacting metal to metal on the end 23 of the cylinder 13.The bore 24 is so constructed that the top thereof rests on the top ofthe end 23 prior to the face of the head forming contact with the cover14. In this manner it is provided that as the final turns are given tothe nuts 28 the cylinders 13 are forced home, compressing the gaskets25, 26 and 27.

\Vhen for any reason the cylinder 13 is removed, this is accomplished bysimply lifting the heads 17 from their engagement with the bolts 16 andelevating from the jacket 9 the cylinders 13. It is obvious that inengines constructed and arranged as described, the removal andreplacement of a cylinder becomes a very simple matter, and one in whichthe time employed is reduced to a minimum. This is a very desirablefeature, not alone in the economy of labor, but because of the greaterfacility in employment imparted to engines of this type. It will also beobserved that the cylinder, being structurally separable, the jacket maybe constructed of lighter and more suitable material from that atpresent employed. It will further be observed that with the constructionherein disclosed, wherein the jacket is formed as a single piece or inblock, the matter of carrying stock comprising a variety of engineshaving a different number of cylinders is simplified, as the castingsfor the jacket constitute the cheaper part of the engine structure. Itwill further be observed that the bores formed in the jacket, facing, asshown, in one direction, are simple of construction, provided machinedbores are required. It is possible to cast the elements herein definedas bores sulficiently neat to answer the purposes of certain class oftrade.

In Figs. 2 and 3 are shown passages 29, 29 and 30, 30 for establishingwater communication between the water cooling chambers of the heads 17and the interior water chamber of the jacket 9. The passages 30 areformed in water tubes 31, 31. Any suitable construction may be employed.The head 17 is provided with a water cooling chamber 32, and forms theexplosion chamber 33, the cylindrical wall whereof alines with the innerwall of the cylinder 13. The alinement of these walls is not in ordinarypractice essential, for it would be remarked that one of the novelfeatures of the present construction is that the cylinders 13, beingconstructed from different metal as compared with the jacket 9 and head17, will expand and contract under various temperatures at a differentrate and degree from the expansion of the said jacket and head. Where itis desired, the chamber 33 may be omitted, in which case the top wall,34 of the head would bridge directly across the upper end 23 of thecylinder 13, and the inlet passages, such as 35, would then extendthrough the said wall 3 1 from above. I find it convenient, however, toconstruct the cylinder and head substantially as shown in the drawings.

While the construction herein shown and described is best adapted formultiple cylinder engines it will be understood that it may be adapted,with beneficial results, to the single cylinder type of engine.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality ofcylinders each cylinder having an annular flange the ends of saidcylinders projecting beyond said flanges; a water jacket unit infoldingsaid cylinders and provided with openings through which the ends of saidcylinders are extended, the walls of said jacket adjacent said openingsbeing rabbeted to receive the flanges on said cylinders; and a pluralityof single heads for said cylinders, each having an explosion compartmentand faced for mounting on said jacket, the faced end of each of saidheads being rabbeted to rest over the flange and end of each of saidcylinders to form a tortuous passage from said head to the exterior ofeach cylinder to hold a suitable packing.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a water jackethaving oppositely disposed openings of different diameters the edges ofsaid jacket surrounding said openings being rabbeted to form seatsopening in the same direction; a plurality of open ended cylinders fordisposition within said jacket, said cylinders having each two annularflanges, one of said flanges on each cylinder being adapted to passthrough one of said openings to rest in the rabbet surrounding the otheropening, and one of said flanges on each cylinder being rabbeted to forma joint with the rabbet surrounding the other opening, the joint formedby the said second mentioned flanges and the rabbeted edges supportingthe same forming a double internal angle In testimony whereof I havesigned my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

SIDNEY H. HART.

Witnesses:

E. H. MURDOCK. PHILIP D. ROLLHAUs.

